70% by’Abarangije Amashuri ya TVET Babona Akazi mu Gihe Kitarenze Amezi Atandatu

Mu gihe isi ikomeje kwihuta mu iterambere rishingiye ku bumenyi ngiro, uburezi bwa TVET (Technical and Vocational Education and Training) bukomeje kwigaragaza nk’inzira ifatika yo gufasha urubyiruko kwihangira imirimo ndetse no kubona akazi mu buryo bwihuse. Mu Rwanda, imibare itangwa n’inzego zishinzwe uburezi igaragaza ko abarenga 70% by’abarangije amasomo ya TVET babona akazi mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu nyuma yo kurangiza amasomo yabo.

Ibi bigaragaza ko kwiga imyuga atari amahitamo ya nyuma cyangwa inzira igoranye nk’uko bamwe babyibwira, ahubwo ari igisubizo nyacyo cy’ahazaza h’iterambere rirambye ku rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda.

TVET ni iki?

TVET ni uburyo bw’uburezi bushingiye ku bumenyi ngiro no kwiga ubumenyi ngiro bufatanye n’amahugurwa y’akazi. Muri gahunda za TVET, umunyeshuri ahabwa ubumenyi bujyanye n’umwuga runaka, akagira amahirwe yo kubukoresha mu bikorwa bifatika. Ibi bituma barangije bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi ku isoko ry’umurimo cyangwa kwihangira umurimo ku giti cyabo.

Kuba abarangije TVET bashobora kwinjira ku isoko ry’umurimo mu gihe gito, ni ibintu bigaragaza akamaro gakomeye k’iyi gahunda mu iterambere ry’igihugu.

Impamvu 6 Zituma TVET Ari Amahitamo Meza

1. Kwigira ubumenyi ngiro
   Amashuri ya TVET yubakiye ku buryo bwo kwigira mu bikorwa bifatika aho umunyeshuri yitoza gukora ibyo yiga. Ibi bituma asoza amasomo afite ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi ku rwego rw’umwuga.
2. Amahugurwa y’akazi ahari cyane
   Isi yose ikeneye abantu bafite ubumenyi ngiro. Abafundi, abadozi, abakanishi, abasudira, abateka n’abandi bafite isoko rikomeye mu gihugu no hanze yacyo. TVET ibategura neza ku buryo bashobora gutanga serivisi zinoze kandi zikenewe.
3. Kwihangira umurimo
   Abanyeshuri barangije amasomo ya TVET ntibategereza akazi gusa. Ubumenyi baba bafite bubafasha gutangira ibikorwa byabo by’ubucuruzi, bikabafasha kwihangira umurimo no guhanga udushya dutanga akazi no ku bandi.
4. Amahirwe ku isoko ryagutse
   Si mu Rwanda gusa, ahubwo no mu mahanga, ubumenyi ngiro bwa TVET burakenewe. Umunyeshuri urangije muri iyi gahunda aba afite amahirwe yo guhatanira imirimo ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
5. Kwinjira ku isoko ry’umurimo mu gihe gito
   Hari amasomo amara igihe gito—nk’amezi atandatu cyangwa umwaka umwe—maze umunyeshuri akaba yamaze kubona ubushobozi bwo guhatanira imirimo myinshi ku isoko.
6. Kugera ku yindi myanya y’iterambere
   Ubumenyi bwo mu myuga ntibuhagarara gusa ku gukora imirimo yoroheje. Abafite aya mahirwe bashobora kwagura ubucuruzi bwabo, kuzamurwa mu myanya y’ubuyobozi cyangwa kuba abashoramari bakomeye.

Amashami Abanyeshuri Bashobora Guhitamo muri TVET

TVET ifite amashami menshi y’ubumenyi atuma buri munyeshuri agira amahitamo menshi. Amwe mu mashami akunzwe ni aya:

1. Ubwubatsi (Building and Construction Technology)
   Higa kubaka inzu, gusakaza, gukora ibiraro, n’ibindi bijyanye n’inyubako.
2. Amashanyarazi (Electrical Technology)
   Umunyeshuri yigishwa uburyo bwo gutunganya amashanyarazi, gusana ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga no gukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
3. Ububaji (Wood Technology)
   Wiga gutunganya ibikomoka ku mashyamba nko gukora intebe, utubati, ibitanda n’ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo.
4. Ubudozi n’Imideli (Fashion Design)
   Higa gutunganya imyenda, guhanga imideli mishya no gukora ibijyanye n’ubugeni bw’imyambarire.
5. Gutunganya Ibiribwa n’Ubugeni bwabyo (Culinary Arts & Food Processing)
   Aha wiga guteka, gukora ibiryo mu nganda, gukora ibinyobwa n’ibindi bijyanye n’ibiribwa.
6. Ubukerarugendo n’Amahoteri (Hospitality & Tourism)
   Wiga kwakira ba mukerarugendo, gukora mu mahoteli, gutanga serivisi z’ubukerarugendo no gutwara abashyitsi.
7. Ubukanishi bw’Imodoka (Automobile Technology)
   Wiga gusana no gutunganya ibinyabiziga by’ubwoko butandukanye.
8. Gutunganya Ibikoresho (Manufacturing Technology)
   Umunyeshuri yigishwa uburyo bwo gukora no gutunganya ibikoresho bikozwe mu byuma cyangwa mu biti.
9. Kwita ku Mashyamba (Forestry)
   Aha wiga uburyo bwo kurinda, kubungabunga no gucunga neza ibidukikije by’amashyamba.
10. Kwita ku Matungo (Veterinary)
    Wiga kuvura amatungo, kurwanya indwara zayo no guteza imbere ubworozi.

Uko bigaragara, uburezi bwa TVET ni urufunguzo rw’ahazaza h’urubyiruko. Ababyeyi bakwiye gushyigikira abana babo mu guhitamo amashuri y’imyuga, kuko ubumenyi bahakura bubafasha kubaho mu buryo bwigenga no kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu.

Umunyeshuri naho agomba kumva ko imyuga atari “amashuri y’abananiranye” nk’uko bamwe babyibwira, ahubwo ari uburyo bwo gutegura ejo hazaza heza kandi hihuse.

Amashuri ya TVET arimo kugenda ahindura imyumvire y’abanyarwanda ku bijyanye n’uburezi. Kuba 70% by’abarangije aya masomo babona akazi mu gihe kitarenze amezi atandatu bigaragaza neza ko iyi gahunda ari ngombwa kandi ikwiye kwitabwaho cyane.

Kwiga imyuga si ukugira ubumenyi gusa, ahubwo ni uguhabwa igisubizo cy’akazi k’ejo hazaza, ukagira ubushobozi bwo kwihangira umurimo no kugira uruhare mu kubaka igihugu gifite ubukungu bwimbitse.