Amashuri yo mu Rwanda yiteguye ku kigero cya 94.7% gushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu nshya y’amasomo Azatangira kwigishwa bwa mbere mu mwaka wa kane w’amashuri yisumbuye

Ku itariki ya 8 Nzeri 2025, ubwo amashuri yisumbuye mu Rwanda azongera gufungura imiryango, hazatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa sisitemu nshya y’amasomo ku rwego rwa Advanced Level (A’Level). Iyi sisitemu nshya yashyizweho n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Uburezi bw’Ibanze (REB) ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Uburezi, igamije kunoza ireme ry’uburezi no kurushaho guhuza amasomo n’isoko ry’umurimo riri gutera imbere ku isi.

Amakuru aturuka muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi avuga ko amashuri yo mu gihugu hose ari ku kigero cya 94.7% yiteguye gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda nshya, nubwo hari imbogamizi zigaragara cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kubura abarimu bafite ubumenyi bujyanye n’amasomo mashya agiye kwigwa .

Mu myaka yashize, abanyeshuri barangizaga icyiciro rusange (Tronc Commun) bahitagamo amasomo yo ku rwego rwa A’Level mu buryo bwa “combinations” busanzwe burimo nka:

• MCB (Mathematics-Chemistry-Biology)
• HGL (History-Geography-Literature)
• LFK (Literature in English-French-Kinyarwanda)

Ariko iyi nzira yajyaga inagira ibibazo byinshi: hari ubwo abanyeshuri basohokaga mu mashuri badafite ubushobozi bujyanye n’amasoko y’imirimo agezweho, ndetse bamwe bakabura aho bahuriza ubumenyi bwabo n’ibikenewe kwisoko noguteza imbere ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Ni muri urwo rwego Minisiteri y’Uburezi yafashe icyemezo cyo gushyiraho ubundi buryo (pathways) eshatu nshya zifasha abanyeshuri kugendera  kumuronko umwe biga  amasomo ajyanye nibikenewe  ku isoko ry’umurimo:

1. Mathematics and Science Pathway – izibanda ku masomo ajyanye n’ubumenyi bwa siyansi, imibare, ikoranabuhanga n’ubuvumbuzi.
2. Languages Pathway – izibanda ku masomo y’indimi, ubumenyi mu buvugizi, ubusesenguzi bw’imico, ubuvunyi (translation) n’ubumenyi bwa anthropology.
3. Arts and Humanities Pathway – izibanda ku masomo ajyanye n’inyigisho z’ubumenyamuntu, amategeko, filozofiya, politiki, n’ubumenyi mu mibanire y’abantu.

Nk’uko REB ibivuga, izi pathways ziteganyijwe gufasha u Rwanda kugira urubyiruko rufite ubumenyi bujyanye n’ibikenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo ndetse n’iterambere ry’igihugu.

Ibyiza by’iyi Sisitemu Nshya

1. U Rwanda ruri mu rugendo rwo kwihutisha iterambere rishingiye ku bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga. Kugira abanyeshuri bize amasomo afashe igihugu mu bijyanye n’ubumenyi bwa siyansi, indimi z’amahanga, no gusobanukirwa n’imibanire ya muntu bizatuma igihugu kigira abakozi bafite ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

2.Abanyeshuri bazajya bahitamo pathway isanzwe ibahuza n’impano zabo, ibyo bakunda n’inzozi zabo z’akazi. Urugero, umunyeshuri ufite inzozi zo kuzaba umunyamakuru azahabwa amahirwe yo kwinjira muri Languages Pathway, mu gihe ushaka kuba muganga azakomereza muri Mathematics and Science.

3.Aho kwiga amasomo atandukanye adafite isano ihita igaragara, iyi gahunda nshya izafasha abanyeshuri kwiga ibintu byubaka umurongo wuzuye, bikazabafasha kuba abahanga mu ngeri batoranyije.

Nubwo sisitemu nshya itanga icyizere cyinshi, hari imbogamizi zitari nke zizaba zigomba kwitabwaho:

• Kubura abarimu bafite ubumenyi bujyanye n’amasomo mashya: Amashuri amwe n’amwe aracyabuze abarimu bize filozofiya, iby’indimi, cyangwa ibijyanye n’imibanire y’abantu.
• Guhindura abarimu imirimo: Hari abarimu bigishaga amasomo atagihari muri sisitemu nshya, bigasaba ko bimurirwa mu yandi mashuri cyangwa bakigishwa andi masomo.
• Ibikoresho n’ibitabo: Amwe mu masomo mashya aracyakeneye ibikoresho n’ibitabo bihagije kugira ngo abanyeshuri babashe kwiga neza.
• Imyumvire y’Ababyeyi n’Abanyeshuri: Bamwe baracyafite imyumvire ya kera y’uko “MCB” cyangwa “HGL” ari byo bizana akazi keza, bigasaba ubukangurambaga kugira ngo bemere impinduka.

Ku banyeshuri: Bazabona amahirwe yo kwiga amasomo asubiza ku byifuzo byabo by’akazi n’inzozi, bikazabafasha kwinjira mu buzima bw’umwuga bafite icyerekezo.

• Ku barezi: Bazahabwa amahirwe yo kongererwa ubumenyi binyuze mu mahugurwa, ndetse bamwe bashobora kubona amahirwe mashya yo kwigisha amasomo bari barize ariko batari bafite amahirwe yo kwigisha mbere.

 U Rwanda Nk’igihugu kiyemeje kuba “hub” y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu Karere ka Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda ruri gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo uburezi bujyane n’intego z’iterambere. Iyi gahunda nshya ni intambwe ikomeye igaragaza uburyo igihugu gitekereza ku hazaza h’urubyiruko rwacyo.

Umuyobozi muri REB yavuze ati: “Iyi sisitemu izafasha abanyeshuri bacu kubona ubushobozi bujyanye n’isi y’akazi, no kuba abaturage b’umugabane ushobora guhanga ibishya no guhangana n’ibibazo by’isi.”