Minisitiri w’Uburezi Nsengimana Joseph yakiriye itsinda ry’abarimu 50 b’abakorana bushake ba OIF bagiye guhindura byinshi mu myigishirize y’Igifaransa mu Rwanda

Ku wa 5 Ukwakira 2025, Minisitiri w’Uburezi w’u Rwanda, Bwana Joseph Nsengimana, yakiriye ku mugaragaro itsinda rishya rigizwe n’abarimu 50 b’abakorerabushake bo mu Muryango Mpuzamahanga w’ibihugu bivuga Igifaransa (Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, OIF). Abo barimu bazamara umwaka w’amashuri bakorera mu bigo byigisha abarimu (TTCs) no mu mashuri atandukanye, bagamije guteza imbere ireme ry’amasomo y’Igifaransa no gushyigikira gahunda y’igihugu yo kwimakaza uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi nyinshi.

Iyi gahunda nshya ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uko u Rwanda rukomeje gukomera ku ndangagaciro z’ubufatanye n’ubwuzuzanye mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko mu guteza imbere uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi zitandukanye, hagamijwe gushimangira ubumenyi bw’Igifaransa ariko ntibihutaze izindi ndimi zemewe n’igihugu.

Mu myaka makumyabiri ishize, politiki y’indimi mu Rwanda yagiye ihinduka mu buryo bugaragara. Ikinyarwanda gikomeza kuba ururimi rw’igihugu, mu gihe Icyongereza, Igifaransa, na Kiswahili bifatwa nk’indimi zemewe cyangwa izikoreshwa mu kazi. Guhindura politiki y’uburezi  byabaye muri 2008, aho Icyongereza cyashyizweho nk’ururimi rw’imyigishirize, byari intambwe ikomeye yerekeza ku rwego mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko mu rwego rwo kwinjira neza mu Muryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) no mu Commonwealth.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, Igifaransa nticyigeze gitakaza agaciro mu bijyanye na dipolomasi, umuco, ndetse n’imikoranire na Francophonie. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ishyira imbere uburyo bushya bw’uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi nyinshi, aho indimi zitandukanye zifashishwa nk’igikoresho cy’iterambere aho kuba ibintu by’umuco gusa.

Kuri ubu, harategurwa “Plan National pour l’Enseignement et l’Apprentissage du Français au Rwanda (PNFR)”, gahunda y’igihugu igamije gushimangira amasomo y’Igifaransa binyuze mu guhugura abarimu, kuvugurura integanyanyigisho, no gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo kwigisha. Iyo gahunda ishyigikiwe n’inzego zitandukanye zirimo OIF, Agence Française de Développement (AFD) na Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF).

Iyi gahunda yatangijwe mu 2020 n’Ibiro Bikuru bya Francophonie ibinyujije muri Projet de mobilité des enseignantes et enseignants de et en français, igamije guteza imbere ireme ry’amasomo yigishwa mu Gifaransa no mu rurimi rw’Igifaransa mu bihugu bifatanya. Intego yayo ni ukongera ubushobozi bw’abarimu b’imbere mu gihugu binyuze mu buvugizi, amahugurwa y’ubufatanye, n’isanamitima rishingiye ku mikorere y’uburezi bwa none.

Intego nyamukuru z’iyi gahunda zirimo:

• kongera umusaruro mu kwigisha Igifaransa mu mashuri,

• Gukomeza kubaka TTCs nk’ibigo by’uburezi bifite ubuhanga n’ubuziranenge,

• Gukomeza ibikorwa by’umuco n’imyidagaduro ishingiye ku Gifaransa mu mashuri, nko gushinga amatsinda y’ururimi, amarushanwa y’imivugo .

U Rwanda rwakiriye amatsinda menshi kuva iyi gahunda yatangira. Itsinda rya mbere ryageze mu Rwanda mu 2020, rigizwe n’abarimu bagera kuri 20, rikurikirwa n’irya kabiri ry’abantu 45 baturutse mu bihugu 15 bivuga Igifaransa. Buri tsinda ryagiye ribanza guhugurwa ku buryo bw’uburezi mu Rwanda no ku bipimo by’imyigishirize bihari.

Ubusanzwe, raporo z’ubusesenguzi zerekanye ko iyi gahunda yatanze umusaruro: abanyeshuri bagaragaje impinduka mu myigire yabo y’Igifaransa, abarimu bunguka ubumenyi bushya, kandi amashuri yongera ubukangurambaga binyuze mu marushanwa n’ibikorwa by’umuco.

Itsinda rishya ry’abarimu 50 ba OIF

Itsinda rishya ry’abakorerabushake 50 ryakiriwe mu 2025 ni ryo rinini kuva gahunda yatangira. Baturutse mu bihugu 15 bivuga Igifaransa, kandi bazakora cyane cyane mu bigo byigisha abarimu (TTCs) n’amashuri yatoranijwe. Inshingano zabo ni ugufasha no guhugura abarimu b’Abanyarwanda, gushyigikira gahunda z’amasomo, no guteza imbere Igifaransa binyuze mu mikorere ishingiye ku gukorana n’abanyeshuri n’ibikorwa by’umuco.

Mbere yo gutangira imirimo, bahuguwe ku birebana n’imiterere y’uburezi mu Rwanda, politiki y’indimi, n’imibanire hagati y’umuco n’uburezi. Biteganyijwe ko imirimo yabo izatanga umusanzu ukomeye mu kongera ireme ry’uburezi no kuzamura ireme ry’abanyeshuri mu rurimi rw’Igifaransa.

Minisitiri Nsengimana yagize ati:

“Iyi gahunda yabaye inkingi ikomeye mu rwego rwo gukomeza kwimakaza uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi nyinshi. Igifaransa ntigihanganye n’Icyongereza, ahubwo kiragifasha. Ubumenyi mu ndimi nyinshi bufungurira amahirwe menshi abanyeshuri bacu, kandi bukongera uruhare rw’u Rwanda mu isi y’Abavuga Icyongereza n’iy’Abavuga Igifaransa.”

U Rwanda rukorana n’imiryango myinshi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyi gahunda. Agence Française de Développement (AFD) yatanze inkunga y’amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 5 z’ama-Euro yo gutera inkunga gahunda y’igihugu yo kwigisha Igifaransa. Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF) nayo ifasha binyuze muri gahunda nka FLE Rwanda, igamije guhugura abarimu n’abagenzuzi b’uburezi mu buryo bwo kwigisha bugezweho.

Ubu bufatanye butuma gahunda y’uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi nyinshi mu Rwanda ibona inkunga ihamye kandi y’igihe kirekire. Byongera kandi igipimo cy’uburezi ku rwego mpuzamahanga no gukomeza kumenyekana k’u Rwanda mu muryango mugari wa Francophonie.

Amashuri menshi yakiriye aba barimu b’abakorerabushake agaragaza impinduka zigaragara:

• Abanyeshuri bamenye Igifaransa neza: babasha kuvuga, kwandika no gusobanukirwa neza.

• Abarimu b’Abanyarwanda bagize impinduka: benshi mu bo mu mashuri yakiriye aba barimu bavuga ko ubu bafite icyizere kandi bakoresha uburyo bwo kwigisha bwubakiye ku banyeshuri (learner-centered approach).

• TTCs zateye imbere: ubu zifite abarimu bafite ubushobozi bwo kwigisha mu Gifaransa cyangwa mu rurimi rw’Igifaransa, ziba kandi ibigo bifite ubuhanga n’imikorere myiza.

• Gusubiza agaciro umuco n’ururimi rw’Igifaransa: gahunda yatumye abanyeshuri bongera gukunda Igifaransa nk’ururimi rw’umuco, amahirwe n’imikoranire.

Nubwo hari intambwe zafashwe, hari n’imbogamizi zigikomeye. Abanyeshuri benshi bo mu mashuri yisumbuye, cyane cyane mu byaro, batangira bafite urwego ruri hasi mu Gifaransa. Abarimu bamwe nabo ntibarabona uburyo bugezweho bwo kwigisha cyangwa ibikoresho byifashishwa, bigatuma ubumenyi buhoraho bw’abakorerabushake bukenerwa.

Kuba Icyongereza ari cyo rurimi rw’imyigishirize, bisaba guhuza neza uburyo bwo kwigisha indimi zombi, kugira ngo nta rurimi rw’imwe rubangamira urundi. Amasomero akenera ibikoresho bijanye n’igihe twavuga, ibitabo, porogaramu za mudasobwa n’ibikoresho by’amashusho.

Ikindi kibazo ni uko u Rwanda rugomba kubaka uburyo burambye bwo gukomeza iyi gahunda, aho ruzagenda rugabanya ubufasha bw’abanyamahanga rugashora imari mu guhugura abarimu b’Abanyarwanda no gushyira uburyo bwa plurilinguisme mu bigo bya TTC.

Iri tsinda rishya rije mu gihe gikomeye mu burezi bw’u Rwanda, aho igihugu kiri mu rugendo rwo kuva mu igerageza rigana ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryagutse ry’amasomo y’Igifaransa. Abarimu b’uyu mwaka bazafasha kongera imbaraga mu bigo bya TTC no gusangiza ubunararibonye bwabonetse mu byiciro byabanje.

Ibyo bikorwa byabo bisobanura icyizere u Rwanda rufite mu bufatanye mpuzamahanga ndetse no mu gukomeza kuba umuhuza hagati y’ibihugu bivuga Icyongereza n’ibivuga Igifaransa muri Afurika.

Abahanga mu burezi bavuga ko kugira ngo iyi gahunda irambe, hakenewe:

1. Amahugurwa y’igihe kirekire ku barimu b’Abanyarwanda n’abakorerabushake;

2. Ubugenzuzi buhoraho ku musaruro w’abanyeshuri n’imikorere y’abarimu;

3. Guhuza integanyanyigisho z’indimi ku rwego rw’amashuri yose;

4. Gutanga ibikoresho byifashishwa mu myigishirize y’ikoranabuhanga;

5. Gukomeza ibikorwa by’umuco n’amatsinda y’abanyeshuri mu Gifaransa;

6. Gutanga ibihembo ku barimu bitwaye neza mu kwigisha Igifaransa;

7. Gushyira iyi gahunda mu bigo bya TTCs n’amashuri makuru kugira ngo ibe iy’igihe kirekire

Mu mashuri yakiriye aba barimu, abanyeshuri bavuga ko amasomo y’Igifaransa yahindutse, akajya aba yisanzuye kandi atuma bagira icyizere cyo kuvuga mu ruhame. Abarimu b’abashyitsi bavuga ko nabo biga byinshi ku Rwanda, cyane cyane ku bunararibonye n’ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri b’Abanyarwanda mu ndimi nyinshi.

Abayobozi ba TTCs nabo bashima uruhare rw’abakorerabushake mu kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi no guteza imbere uburyo bushya bwo kwigisha Igifaransa mu buryo bujyanye n’igihe.

Iyi gahunda ntigira ingaruka mu mashuri gusa, ahubwo inafasha mu kubaka umubano n’andi mahanga mu muryango wa Francophonie, ikongerera igihugu amahirwe mu bukerarugendo, ubucuruzi n’imirimo mpuzamahanga.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko uburezi bushingiye ku ndimi nyinshi butuma abanyeshuri baba abanyabwenge mu myumvire no mu mikorere, kandi bukabaha amahirwe yo guhangana ku isoko ry’umurimo mpuzamahanga. U Rwanda rugaragaza ko guteza imbere Igifaransa bitabangamira Ikinyarwanda cyangwa Icyongereza, ahubwo ari uburyo bwo kongera ubumwe n’isura y’igihugu ku rwego rw’isi.