Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo MININFRA Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2025, yatangije Politiki Y’Igihugu Y’Imijyi 2025 (National Urbanisation Policy – NUP 2025),ndetse inashimangirwa na KUBAKA, urubuga rushya rw’ikoranabuhanga mu gutanga uruhushya rwo kubaka, rugamije kurebako inyubako ijanye nigishushanyo mbonera , ndetse no gufasha abaturage kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry’imijyi mu Rwanda.
Iyi politiki igamije kugeza 70 % by’abanyarwanda batuye mu mijyi mu mwaka wa 2050, aho ubu hafi kuri 28 % (27.9 %) aribo batuye mumigi biteganijwe gushirwa mu bikorwa bitarenze 2050 na NST2. Intego ni uko 52.7 % bazaba batuye mu mijyi muri 2035.
Iyi Politiki ishingiye ku nkingi enye z’ingenzi:
- Ihuza ry’inzego (Coordination)
Guteza imbere imikoranire hagati ya leta, abikorera, imiryango itari iya leta n’abaturage, hifashishijwe City Management Offices mu mijyi yose kugira ngo imiyoborere ibashe kugera kuri buri wese. - Kwita ku gukoresha neza ubutaka (Densification)
Kubaka neza ahaboneka ubutaka ku buryo habaho inyubako z’ubwoko ubwo ari bwo bwose ariko bigatwara amafaranga make kandi bikagira isuku, bikajyana no kugabanya uko imijyi ikwira mu buryo butateganijwe. - Ubuzima Bwiza mu Mijyi (Liveability)
Guteza imbere uburyo bwo gutwara abantu butangiza ikirere (cyclisme, gutembera n’amaguru), ubwiza bw’imijyi, ibikorwa by’idini rishya (green corridors, parki, ahantu h’umwuka mwiza) n’ibikorwa remezo bitangiza ibidukikije. - Ubukungu mu Mijyi (Economic Growth)
Gushyigikira imijyi yunganira Kigali—nka Muhanga, Rubavu, Nyagatare, Huye, na Rusizi—mu buryo bufasha gutanga imirimo, inyubako ziciriritse, no gushimangira uburinganire n’ubutabera mu gutunganya imijyi.
Ikoranabuhanga Urubuga rwa KUBAKA
KUBAKA ni urubuga rwa interineti rwasimbuye BPMIS (rwatangijwe mu 2016), rukaba rwubakiye ku miyoboro ya leta (third-party systems) kugira ngo application yo gusaba uruhushya rwo kubaka ije iboneka utavuye aho uri.
Rwinjizwamo amakuru y’ubutaka, igenzura ry’icyemezo cya masterplan, umusoro, byose bikorerwa mu buryo bwikora, bitagombera umuntu ku ruhande–bigatuma serivisi zigira umuvuduko, umucyo n’ubunyamwuga.
KUBAKA ikoreshwa na buri wese: abaturage, abishyuza ubutaka, abashoramari, abanyamwuga, kandi imenyekanisha aho urimo kuri buri ntambwe y’isabukuru.
Green City Kigali (Umujyi w’icyitegererezo)
Inyongera y’imijyi ibereye isi no mu Rwanda
mu mushinga wa Green City Kigali itangirira yatangiriye kuri hectare 600 zisanzwe muri Gasabo, Kinyinya. Igamije gukorera ku nkingi z’imiyoborere myiza, inyubako zidatwara ibikoresho byinshi, gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku bimera no ku yandi mashanyarazi yisubira (renewables).
ubutaka bugera kuri ha 13, aho hubakwa inzu 410 (Cactus Green Park), hakubiyemo icyiciro cya mbere gisuzuma uburyo bwo guteza imbere umujyi w’icyitegererezo.
Bitegqanijwe ko hagomba Kubakwa inzu zigera kuri 30 000 zikwiranye n’abantu basaga 150 000, guhanga imirimo 16 000 mu muryango nyarwanda, Gushyiraho pariki ya Eco Park ya hectare 70, kugabanya 38 % by’ingendo zakorwaga nimodoka zangiza ibidukikije hakoreshwa kugenda n’amaguru cyangwa amagare, 40 % hagakoreshwa bus rusange ( public transport), no kubaka inyubako zidakoresha amazi menshi n’ingufu zamashanyarazi ku kigero cya 20 % na 40 % hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya EDGE.
Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’imijyi (REMA) yatangaje ko mu Rwanda imihindagurikire y’ikirere ifite ingaruka nka heat waves, imiyaga, ubutaka burimo kwangirika, imiraba nibindi byinshi biterwa nihindagurka ryikirere . iyi minisiteri Yatangije umushinga wa Rwf 30 miliyari muri Rusizi, Rwamagana, Nyagatare, Muhanga, na Huye, ugamije gutera ibiti ndetse no kurwanya amasuri
Mu mijyi nka Kigali, Rubavu na Muhanga, imishinga ya Integrated Climate Action Plans ifasha gufasha ingendo zikoresha ingufu zamashanyarazi , amatara akoresha imirasire , kubaka ibigega bifgata amazi yinvura , no kongera uburinzi bw’ibiza hakoreshejwe systems z’iteganyagihe hakiri kare. Ni Ubu buryo bujyanye no kugira isuku bukora neza kandi budahumanya ibidukikije.
Gucunga umubare munini w’abaturage bazajya mu mijyi, hakenewe ubushobozi bwo gutanga amacumbi ahendutse kandi yihuse. Kigali yifuza kubaka inzu 25 000 buri mwaka kugirango ihaze abakene n’abaciriritse, ariko kugeza ubu habonetse hafi 2 600 gusa mu myaka iri hafi cyane kabone nubwo leta nayo yakoreye ubushoramari.
- Ibura ry’amakuru y’imijyi no kutagira ubushobozi buhagije mu nzego za leta z’ibanze bishobora gutuma politiki itagerwaho. Icyakora, NUP 2025 igamije kuziba uyu mubare ukoresheje igenamigambi (master plans), urban databases, n’ubushobozi bw’imijyi yose, cyane cyane mu mijyi mito.
- Umuco gakondo wo gutunga inzu yihariye (single house) uracyabangamira inyubako zisobanutse cyane (densified housing). Hari gahunda yo guhinduza imyumvire y’abaturage bakamenya ko gutura mu baturirwa byose bishobora kubafasha kugabanya igiciro no kubaka umujyi w’umubyeyi Reddit.
NST2 (National Strategy for Transformation II, kuva 2024–2030) yashyizwe mu bikorwa ahatangiye NUP 2025; ihuza gahunda z’ikoranabuhanga (digital services), ibikorwa remezo, ubuhanga mu iterambere ry’imijyi, serivisi z’icumbikirizo, n’ubuhinzi bujyanye n’imijyi.
icyerekezo cy’igihugu cya visiyo 2050, gifite intego yo kugera mu bukungu bw’igihugu bwifashe neza n’imibereho y’abaturage iri ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi gitangirwa ku mihigo yo kurwanya ubukene, guteza imbere uburezi, ubuzima, imibereho myiza, n’imiturire ihamye, birimo no kurwanya ihumana ry’ibidukikije kandi hagamijwe kudasubira inyuma no kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
U Rwanda ruri mu nzira nziza yo kubaka imijyi ibereye bose—ibyubatswe neza, bikoresha ikoranabuhanga, bitanga serivisi zihuse kandi ziciriritse, inarengera ibidukikije. Politiki y’Imijyi 2025 (NUP 2025), urubuga rwa KUBAKA, umushinga wa Green City Kigali, n’indi gahunda mu mijyi mito, byose bimaze kuzura icyerekezo cy’igihugu. Hagamijwe ko mu 2050, 70 % by’abanyarwanda bazaba batuye mu mijyi, kandi bajye babona imibereho myiza, amahirwe angana kandi bakagira uruhare mu kubaka umujyi ubereye bose.