U Rwanda Rwiteguye Kongera Umusaruro w’Ubuhinzi ku Kigero cya 50% mu Myaka Itanu Iri Imbere, Nk’uko Byatangajwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yagaragaje ko bitarenze mu 2029 umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi uzongerwa ku kigero cya 50% mu rwego rwo gukomeza kwihaza mu biribwa n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, inagaragaza ibizarufasha.

Ubwo Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Justin Nsengiyumva, yagaragazaga ibigomba gushyirwamo imbaraga ngo u Rwanda rugere kuri iyo ntego, yavuze ko hazashyirwa imbaraga muri gahunda zigamije kongera umusaruro ndetse no gufasha abahinzi kwimakaza ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga mu kongera umusaruro.

Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi byakomeje kuba inkingi y’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda kuva kera. Kuri ubu, ni rwo rwego rutunze abaturage benshi — abarenga 70% by’Abanyarwanda babaho kubera umusaruro wavuye mu mirima n’amatungo yabo. Ni yo mpamvu Leta y’u Rwanda ikomeje gushyira imbere politiki n’imishinga igamije guteza imbere uru rwego, kugira ngo rugire uruhare runini mu guhindura ubukungu bw’igihugu n’imibereho y’abaturage.

Uyu murongo w’iterambere si amagambo gusa, ahubwo ushingiye ku bikorwa bifatika bigaragarira buri wese. Guhera mu kongera ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, kugeza ku gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira no gutunganya umusaruro, byose bigamije kubaka ubuhinzi burambye, butanga inyungu, kandi butuma buri muturage yishimira umusaruro w’imvune ze.

Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi ku isi byita ku nganda cyangwa ikoranabuhanga nk’imbaraga nyamukuru z’ubukungu, u Rwanda rwo rwasanze ubushobozi bwarwo buri mu buhinzi n’ubworozi. Ni urwego rukomeza gutanga akazi ku bantu benshi, rugafasha mu kurwanya inzara, rukagabanya ubukene kandi rukongera ibikenerwa n’inganda.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yemeje ko kugira ubuhinzi bwunguka kandi burambye ari kimwe mu byo igomba kugeraho mbere y’umwaka wa 2030. Ibi bigaragazwa n’uko buri mwaka ingengo y’imari igenerwa uru rwego yagiye izamuka, hagamijwe gushyigikira abahinzi n’aborozi kugira ngo barusheho gukora ubuhinzi bw’umwuga.

Mu rwego rwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikomeje kugira ingaruka ku buhinzi, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyize imbaraga mu kongera ubuso bwuhirwa. Ubutaka bwuhirwa buzava kuri hegitari zisaga gato ibihumbi 74 bukagera kuri 132.171 mu mwaka wa 2029.

Iyi gahunda izafasha abahinzi kubona umusaruro uhoraho n’igihe cy’impeshyi, bitume badakomeza kuba abagaragu b’imvura. Guhira bizanashoboza abahinzi kweza imyaka inshuro nyinshi mu mwaka, bigafasha kugabanya ubukene no kongera ibiribwa ku masoko.

Mu gufasha abahinzi bato, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho gahunda yo kubunganira mu kubona ibikoresho byo kuhira ku buso buto butarenze hegitari 10. Muri iyi gahunda, Leta yishyura 50% by’ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho nk’imashini zuhira, naho umuhinzi akishyura 50% asigaye.

Ibi bituma abahinzi bato bashobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi nubwo baba badafite amikoro ahagije. Ni ubufatanye bugaragaza ko Guverinoma ishaka ko buri Munyarwanda agira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bugezweho.

Indi ntambwe ikomeye ni gahunda yo gutuburira imbuto z’indobanure mu Rwanda. Mbere, igihugu cyatangaga amafaranga menshi mu kuzitumiza hanze, ariko ubu hari gahunda yo kongera ubushobozi bwo gutubura imbuto mu gihugu.

Gutubura imbuto imbere mu gihugu bizafasha abahinzi kubona imbuto zikwiranye n’ikirere cy’u Rwanda, ku giciro gito kandi mu gihe gikwiye. Bizongera ubwiza bw’umusaruro ndetse bigabanye ubukene mu bahinzi, kuko batazongera gutegereza imbuto zituruka hanze.

Ifumbire mvaruganda ifasha imyaka gukura neza no kongera umusaruro. Ubu, u Rwanda ruri ku gipimo cya 73,1 kg kuri hegitari, ariko intego ni ukugera kuri 94,6 kg mu mwaka wa 2029.

Iyi ntera izatuma umusaruro wiyongera cyane, bigafasha mu kongera ibiribwa no kugabanya ibiciro ku masoko. Abaturage bazabona ibiribwa bihagije kandi ku giciro gito, bityo imibereho yabo itere imbere.

Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi, Dr. Ildephonse Nsengiyumva, yagaragaje ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yifuza ko inguzanyo zigenerwa ubuhinzi ziyongerwa zikava kuri 6% ziriho ubu zikagera kuri 10% mu mwaka wa 2029.

Kongera imari ishorwa mu buhinzi bizafasha abahinzi kubona inguzanyo ziciriritse, kugura imbuto, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, n’ibindi bikenerwa. Ibi bizatuma ubuhinzi buba urwego rutanga inyungu kandi ruteza imbere n’inganda zitunganya umusaruro.

Leta y’u Rwanda imaze gushyira miliyari 5 Frw muri gahunda y’ubwishingizi bw’ibihingwa n’amatungo, naho ibigo by’imari bigasubiza abahinzi amafaranga agera kuri miliyari 7,1 Frw igihe bahuye n’igihombo.

Abahinzi 307.593 n’aborozi 56.761 bamaze kugerwaho n’iyi gahunda. Ibihingwa byishingirwa birimo umuceri, ibigori, ibirayi, ibishyimbo, soya, imyumbati, imiteja n’urusenda.

Ubwishingizi butuma abahinzi batagihomba igihe habaye ibiza cyangwa indwara z’amatungo. Ni uburyo bwo kubaka ubuhinzi bufite umutekano n’ubwizigame.

Dr. Nsengiyumva yasabye ibigo by’ubwishingizi kwihutisha uburyo bwo kwishyura abahinzi igihe habaye igihombo, kugira ngo abahinzi batakomeze gutakaza icyizere muri iyi gahunda y’ingirakamaro.

U Rwanda rufite ubushobozi bwo guhunika toni 318.000 z’ibinyampeke, bukazagera kuri toni 420.000 mu 2029. Ibi bizafasha kubika umusaruro igihe kirekire, kugabanya igihombo nyuma yo gusarura, no gutuma ibiribwa biboneka igihe cyose.

Mu rwego rw’ubworozi, hari intambwe ikomeye mu kongera umukamo w’amata. Uwo mukamo uzava kuri litiro miliyari 1,092 mu 2024 ukagera kuri litiro miliyari 1,3 mu 2029. Ibi bizafasha igihugu kugera ku rwego rwo kwihaza mu bikomoka ku mata.

Kandi umusaruro w’amafi nawo wazamutse uva kuri toni 28.000 mu 2017 ugera kuri 48.000 mu 2024, biteganyijwe ko uzagera kuri toni 77.000 mu 2029. Uru rwego rufasha cyane urubyiruko n’abagore, kuko rubaha akazi ndetse rukongera indyo yuzuye mu miryango.

Ubworozi bw’inkoko nabwo buri mu byiyongera cyane, aho umusaruro w’amagi uzazamuka uvuye kuri toni 17.000 mu 2024 ukagera kuri 21.000 mu 2029. Ibi bizatuma igihugu kigira ibiribwa byinshi kandi bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri.

Ibyo byose bigaragaza ko Leta y’u Rwanda iri mu rugendo rwo kubaka ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bugezweho, burambye kandi bwunguka. Gahunda zose — kuva mu kuhira, gutubura imbuto, kongera ifumbire, kongera imari ishorwa mu buhinzi, kugeza ku bwishingizi — zigamije guha umuturage ubushobozi bwo kwihaza no gutera imbere.

Iyo gahunda izarangira mu 2029 yatanze umusaruro witezwe, u Rwanda ruzaba rufite ubuhinzi butanga umusaruro, bwongera ubukungu kandi bugatera imbere mu buryo burambye. Ni ubuhinzi buha agaciro umurimo w’umuhinzi n’aborozi, bukaba ishingiro ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku baturage — ubuhinzi buhindura ubuzima bw’Umunyarwanda, bugatera imbere igihugu.