Mu gihe isi ihanganye n’ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu, ibihugu byinshi biri gushaka ibisubizo bishya kandi birambye. Kimwe mu bihugu bizwiho udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ni Ubuyapani. Muri iki gihe, iki gihugu kiri gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishobora gutuma intambwe z’abaturage zigenda ku butaka zivamo amashanyarazi.
Ibi bisa nk’ibitangaje, ariko ni ukuri. Mu mijyi minini nka Tokyo, cyane cyane muri za gare ya moshi, hashyizweho amabuye (tiles) yihariye ashobora gufata imbaraga zituruka ku muntu ukandagiyeho, akazihindura amashanyarazi.
Iri Korabuhanga Rikora Rite?
Iri korabuhanga rishingiye ku cyo abahanga bita “piezoelectric effect”. Ibi bivuga ko hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe (nk’amabuye yihariye cyangwa ceramics) bishobora gutanga amashanyarazi igihe bikandagiweho cyangwa bigashyirwaho igitutu.
Mu buryo bworoshye:
- Umuntu akandagira ku ibuye ryashyizwemo iryo korabuhanga
- Igitutu gitera igikoresho gutanga umuriro muke
- Uwo muriro ubikwa muri batiri
- Hanyuma ugakoreshwa mu gucana amatara cyangwa ibyuma by’ikoranabuhanga
Intambwe imwe itanga amashanyarazi make cyane, ariko iyo abantu babaye benshi cyane nk’uko bigenda muri gare z’i Tokyo ayo mashanyarazi ariyongera akagira umumaro.
Iri korabuhanga ryageragejwe mu duce dutuwe cyane tw’umujyi wa Tokyo, cyane cyane muri gare zizwi nka Shibuya Station.
Shibuya ni imwe mu gare zirimo abantu benshi ku isi. Buri munsi, ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abagenzi bahanyura. Intambwe zabo zifashishwa mu:
- Gucana amatara ya LED
- Gukoresha ibyuma byo kugenzura amatike
- Gukoresha ibyapa by’amakuru by’ikoranabuhanga
Nubwo atari amashanyarazi menshi, agaragaza ko bishoboka ko imbaraga zituruka ku bantu zabyazwa umusaruro.
Ubuyapani ni igihugu gifite ubutaka buto kandi kidafite umutungo kamere uhagije mu by’ingufu. Nyuma y’ibiza byabaye mu mwaka wa 2011, birimo n’ingaruka z’uruganda rwa nikleyeri rwa Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, igihugu cyahisemo gushora imari mu ngufu zisubira (renewable energy).
Gukoresha intambwe z’abantu bifite akamaro kanini:
1.Ni ingufu zisubira
Abantu bazahora bagenda, bityo izo mbaraga ntizizashira.
2.Ntizangiza ibidukikije
Nta mwuka wangiza zisohora.
3.Zongera ubumenyi ku bidukikije
Bituma abantu batekereza ku buryo bakoresha ingufu.
4.Bihuye n’imijyi igezweho (Smart Cities)
Umujyi ushobora kwibyazamo ingufu ukoresheje ibikorwa by’abawutuye.
Ese Zitanga Amashanyarazi Angana Ate?
Ni ingenzi kumenya ko:
- Intambwe imwe ishobora gutanga hagati ya watt 1 na 7 mu kanya gato
- Bisaba intambwe nyinshi cyane kugira ngo habeho amashanyarazi ahagije
- Bikoreshwa cyane ku matara ya LED cyangwa ibyuma bikenera umuriro muke
Ibi bivuze ko iri korabuhanga ridashobora gusimbura amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba cyangwa ku muyaga, ariko rishobora kuzunganira.
Ibi Bihuye Gute n’Imijyi Igezweho?
Ubuyapani buri mu bihugu byateye imbere mu bijyanye no kubaka Smart Cities. Muri iyi mijyi:
- Inzu zishobora kwikorera ingufu
- Ahantu hahurira abantu hakusanya ingufu zisubira
- Ibyuma by’ikoranabuhanga bikurikirana ikoreshwa ry’ingufu
Intambwe z’abantu zishobora guhuzwa n’izindi ngufu nka:
- Imirasire y’izuba
- Umuyaga
- Imbaraga zituruka ku magare
Iyo zose zishyizwe hamwe, zituma umujyi ugira ingufu zirambye kandi zitangiza ibidukikije.
Ibihugu nk’u Bwongereza na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byagerageje iri korabuhanga mu bibuga by’indege no mu masoko manini. Ariko Ubuyapani ni rumwe mu bihugu byabishyize mu bikorwa mu buryo bwagutse mu bwikorezi rusange.
Nubwo iri korabuhanga rifite ibyiza byinshi, hari n’imbogamizi:
- Rihenda mu kurishyiraho
- Rikeneye kwitabwaho kenshi kubera abantu benshi barikandagira
- Ritanga umuriro muke ugereranyije n’izuba cyangwa umuyaga
- Rikorera neza gusa ahari abantu benshi cyane
Nubwo iri korabuhanga ritabasha guha igihugu amashanyarazi yose, rifite ubutumwa bukomeye:
“Igikorwa gito nk’intambwe ushobora gutanga umusanzu mu gukemura ibibazo by’ingufu.”
Ni ikimenyetso cy’uko ikoranabuhanga n’ubwenge bw’abantu bishobora guhindura ubuzima bwa buri munsi bukaba igisubizo ku bibazo bikomeye by’isi.
